Anthony Lawlor's Eight Elemental Forms
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A 7 page pager based Lawlor's (1994) book entitled "The Temple in the House." The writer focuses upon a specific chapter which outlines Lawlor's Eight "Elemental Forms" -- the greatest and most fundamental forces of architectural power. In Lawlor's view, these eight core elements of structural design comprise the primary basis for everything that we see, feel, and experience in a building. The writer applies what is learned in Lawlor's book to explicate the architectural design of Washington D.C.'s Capitol Building. One additional source is listed in bibliography.
Filename: Elemform.wps
Paper Title: Anthony Lawlor's Eight Elemental Forms

Antonio Gaudi
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5 pages in length. Spanish-born Antonio Gaudi was first recognized for his extraordinary artistic talent when he attended Barcelona's Escola Superior d'Arquitectura, where his first major commissioned design incorporated a Gothic Revival appearance that was clearly the indicator for his life's career. Gaudi's blend of surrealistic curves, which many consider to be quite sensual in appearance, brought him wide acclaim for an avant-garde style for which he would always be considered the leader: Spanish Art Nouveau. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCGaudi.rtf
Paper Title: Antonio Gaudi

Apostolic Succession: Its Evolution In Roman Imagery
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8 pages in length. When discussing the theme of apostolic succession and its evolution in Roman imagery – including architecture – from Early Christianity through the seventeenth century, the student will first want to define the notion of apostolic succession. In essence, it represents "Christ's promise to remain with His Church so that 'he who hears you hears Me'" (Kresta, 2001), thereby necessitating human agents in order to uphold this pledge. This "laying on of hands" (Sweeley, no date) established man as the conduit between the Apostles and the rest of humanity, which was inherently conveyed by way of architectural design of the time. Indeed, one might readily surmise that throughout this particular period, architecture illustrated mankind's role of divine interpretation, especially when exploring the vast and varied aspects of religious structures. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCRmnIm.rtf
Paper Title: Apostolic Succession: Its Evolution In Roman Imagery

Architect Dom Hans Van Der Laan and His Theories About Architectonic Space:
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This 9 page paper discusses the style of architect Dom Hans Van Der Laan and his ideas about architectonic space. More specifically, this book references his book entitled "Architectonic Space", which addresses this issue. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: GSVanDer.rtf
Paper Title: Architect Dom Hans Van Der Laan and His Theories About Architectonic Space:

Architect Marcel Breur
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6 pages in length. One of architect Marcel Breuer's earliest buildings was that of the architect's own home. Built in 1939 in Lincoln, Massachusetts, the construction consisted mainly of wood and stone bearing walls with wood spans. It was situated on a rural site in a temperate climate. The style of the time was considered modern. This paper focusses on his buildings built before 1950 as well as those built after 1950. A short biography of the architect is included. Bibliography includes 5 sources.
Filename: JGAbreur.wps
Paper Title: Architect Marcel Breur

Architect Robert Adam:
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This 6 page paper examines the life and work of architect Robert Adam and his brothers - all of whom were successful in their architecture but much less successful from a business standpoint. This paper explores the reasons for this disparity, citing examples such as their infamous Adelphi Project. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: GSRoAdam.rtf
Paper Title: Architect Robert Adam:

Architects I.M. Pei & Frank Gehry
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A 7 page research paper that examines the design philosophies and careers of architects I.M. Pei and Frank Gehry. The writer spotlights and discusses several buildings designed by each of these famous architects. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khimfg.rtf
Paper Title: Architects I.M. Pei & Frank Gehry

Architectural and Spatial Comparisons Found in Rietveld’s “Schroder House”, Katsura Palace, and the Work of Mondrian
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This is a 10 page paper discussing spatial design used by Rietveld, Mondrian and Kobori Enshu. Architect, artist and designer Gerrit Rietveld was part of an art movement in the Netherlands in the 1920s called “De Stijl” (The Style). One of the movement’s co-founders was artist Piet Mondrian, also from the Netherlands, whose work such as “Composition in Red, Yellow and Blue” emphasized the use of universalism, geometric forms and primary colors in addition to black and white in the creation of space. While Mondrian was primarily concerned with how his two-dimensional paintings could expand to include the interior environment which surrounded them within a room, Rietveld took the ideas proposed by the De Stijl movement into the architectural designs of homes. One of the best examples of Rietveld’s designs is found in Schroder House (1924) in Utrecht in which the use of creating space using geometric shapes, planes, primary colors and movement of walls is applied. Rietveld allows for the light from the outside to come into the house adding to the creation of space through the play of light on the walls and floors which have minimal decoration and are sparsely furnished to allow for an expansive creative space. The idea of universalism and geometric space to allow for the creation of space is not unique in architectural design and can be found as far back as the 1600s in Kobori Enshu’s design of the Katsura Palace in Kyoto which applied the creation of space with the tatami module design also using moveable walls and walls which opened to the environment for flexibility in space. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: TJSchrd1.rtf
Paper Title: Architectural and Spatial Comparisons Found in Rietveld’s “Schroder House”, Katsura Palace, and the Work of Mondrian

Architectural History of the Southwest
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A 2 1/2 page paper which discusses some of the architectural history of the Southwest. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAsthwst.rtf
Paper Title: Architectural History of the Southwest

Architecture & Aspirations
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A 4 page research paper that discusses monuments and architectural structures from ancient history that reflect the manner in which architecture fulfills human needs and aspirations. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: kharcasp.rtf
Paper Title: Architecture & Aspirations